Roof Insurance Claims in Eagle, ID: A Homeowner’s Step-by-Step Guide After Wind or Hail Damage

Protect your home, document the damage, and avoid costly claim mistakes

Wind and hail can cause roof damage that isn’t always obvious from the ground—lifted shingles, bruised granules, punctures, flashing failures, and small leaks that become big problems weeks later. If you live in Eagle or the Treasure Valley, understanding how roof insurance claims work helps you move faster, reduce stress, and keep your home protected. This guide breaks down what to do first, what to document, how to work with your adjuster, and how a local contractor like Team Construction can support the process from inspection through final repairs.

Why roof insurance claims go sideways (and how to keep yours on track)

Most claim frustrations come down to a few preventable issues: not documenting damage early, delaying mitigation, misunderstanding deductibles and coverage, or signing the wrong paperwork at the wrong time. The Idaho Department of Insurance recommends keeping receipts for mitigation and being careful about any contract you sign during the claims process. (doi.idaho.gov)

The good news: a roof claim can be straightforward when you treat it like a project—document, communicate, and keep everything in writing.

Step 1: Make the roof safe (without risking injury)

After a storm, your priority is safety and preventing additional damage. If water is entering the home, temporary mitigation (like tarping) may be necessary. FEMA advises taking photos of damage before cleanup/repairs and saving all receipts for what you do to prevent further loss. (fema.gov)

Quick safety reminders

• Don’t climb on a wet, icy, or steep roof—leave that to professionals.
• Watch for downed lines, loose branches, and damaged gutters or soffit areas.
• If you must do temporary interior protection, use buckets, towels, and plastic sheeting—then get a roof inspection ASAP.

Step 2: Document the damage like an adjuster would

Strong documentation reduces back-and-forth and helps your adjuster understand what happened and when. The NAIC recommends taking photos/videos and creating a list of damaged property. (content.naic.org)

What to capture (a practical checklist)

• Wide shots of each roof slope from the ground (front, sides, rear)
• Close-ups of visible issues: missing shingles, lifted tabs, damaged flashing, dented vents, torn ridge caps
• Interior water staining: ceilings, attic decking, around chimneys/skylights, and window/door trim
• Collateral damage: gutters/downspouts, siding, window screens, AC fins (hail impacts can show up here)
• A written timeline: storm date/time (approx.), when you noticed damage, and any temporary steps taken

Step 3: Start the claim and keep your file organized

Call your insurer (or your agent) to report the claim and ask for your claim number immediately. The Idaho Department of Insurance encourages consumers to file a claim through the insurer’s claim line or tools, keep receipts for mitigation, and ask questions throughout the process. (doi.idaho.gov)

A simple “claim folder” setup that works

• Photos/videos (dated)
• Your policy declarations page (deductible, endorsements)
• All emails and call notes (date, time, who you spoke with)
• Receipts for mitigation (tarping, materials, dehumidifiers, etc.)
• Contractor inspection notes and repair estimates

Step 4: Schedule a professional roof inspection (before small issues become leaks)

Many wind/hail issues aren’t visible from the driveway. A professional inspection can identify:

Common storm-related roof findings in the Treasure Valley
What’s damaged What it can lead to Why it matters for a claim
Lifted or creased shingles (wind) Blow-offs, leaks, faster aging May support repair vs. replacement scope
Hail bruising / granule loss Premature shingle failure, leaks later Can be hard to see without a trained eye
Flashing damage (chimney/walls/valleys) Leak pathways that show up indoors Often ties directly to “cause of loss” discussions
Dented vents/gutters & other metal Water handling issues, cosmetic concerns Helpful collateral indicators of hail size/impact

If you’re in the Eagle area and suspect storm damage, Team Construction offers complimentary inspections and can help you understand repair options and claim next steps. Visit the wind and hail damage roof inspection page or the roof insurance claims support page for more details.

Step 5: Meet the adjuster prepared (and keep expectations realistic)

An adjuster’s job is to evaluate coverage and estimate the scope of repair under your policy. Your job is to provide clear documentation, answer questions, and make sure the adjuster sees the full extent of storm impacts (roof, gutters, flashing, siding, windows, and interior if applicable).

Questions to ask your adjuster (and write down the answers)

• What is my deductible, and is it applied once or per coverage category?
• Is my settlement Replacement Cost Value (RCV) or Actual Cash Value (ACV)?
• Will depreciation be withheld, and what’s required to recover it?
• Are code upgrades (if needed) covered, and under what endorsement?
• What’s the timeline for supplemental items if hidden damage is found?

If you disagree with the insurer’s initial determination, the Idaho Department of Insurance notes you can provide documentation from your expert to support a different professional opinion on cause and/or value. (doi.idaho.gov)

Common claim pitfalls to avoid in Eagle (and across the Treasure Valley)

Delaying temporary mitigation: If active leaking occurs, take reasonable steps to prevent additional damage and keep receipts for possible reimbursement. (doi.idaho.gov)
Not keeping a written record: Claim files get busy—your notes make follow-ups faster and clearer.
Signing unclear contracts: Idaho DOI advises reading any contractor contract carefully before signing. (doi.idaho.gov)
Focusing only on shingles: Hail often damages soft metals, vents, gutters, siding, and window components—those details can matter.

Local angle: What Eagle, Idaho property owners should plan for

Eagle homes often see a mix of high summer heat, winter freeze-thaw cycles, and spring/early-summer wind events. After a wind or hail storm, it’s smart to schedule an inspection quickly—even if you don’t see obvious missing shingles. Small wind lifts and hail bruises can shorten the life of a roof and show up later as leaks.

If you’re comparing options in the area, Team Construction provides service across Eagle and the Treasure Valley. If your property is in Eagle specifically, see roofing services in Eagle, ID. If you’re closer to Meridian, see Meridian roofing.

Need help with a roof insurance claim in Eagle?

Team Construction is a locally owned, full-service contractor serving Eagle, Boise, and the Treasure Valley with roof inspections, storm damage repair, and insurance claim support. If you suspect wind or hail damage, start with a complimentary inspection and a clear plan for next steps.

Prefer to read more first? Explore roof repair and insurance restoration.

FAQ: Roof insurance claims in Eagle, Idaho

Should I call insurance first, or get a roof inspection first?

If you have active leaking or major visible damage, start mitigation and then contact your insurer quickly. A professional inspection early on helps you document the condition and communicate clearly with your adjuster. Idaho DOI encourages consumers to ask questions and keep documentation, and FEMA emphasizes documenting damage with photos before cleanup/repairs. (doi.idaho.gov)

What if the adjuster says the roof can be repaired, but my contractor recommends replacement?

Ask for the policy basis and the line-item estimate in writing. If you disagree, Idaho DOI notes you can provide documentation from your expert supporting their professional opinion on cause and/or value for the adjuster to review. (doi.idaho.gov)

Do I need to save receipts for temporary repairs and cleanup?

Yes. FEMA and the Idaho Department of Insurance both emphasize saving receipts for mitigation/repairs, as they may be needed for reimbursement and claim support. (fema.gov)

Will insurance pay to match shingles, siding, or other materials?

Not always. Idaho DOI notes that matching (roof shingles, carpet, cabinets, siding, etc.) is often addressed in policy provisions, and you should review your policy or ask your adjuster to point you to the matching language. (doi.idaho.gov)

Glossary (plain-English terms that show up in roof claims)

Mitigation: Reasonable steps to prevent additional damage after a loss (like tarping a leak). Keep receipts for what you spend. (doi.idaho.gov)
Adjuster: The insurance professional who evaluates damage, coverage, and the repair estimate for your claim.
ACV (Actual Cash Value): Payment based on the item’s value after depreciation.
RCV (Replacement Cost Value): Payment based on the cost to replace with like kind and quality, typically with depreciation recovered after work is completed (depending on policy).
Collateral indicators: Non-roof damage that supports storm severity (dented vents, gutters, downspouts, window screens).

Roof Insurance Claims in Nampa, ID: A Homeowner’s Step-by-Step Guide After Wind or Hail Damage

Protect your home, your claim, and your timeline—without the guesswork

Wind and hail can damage a roof in ways that aren’t always obvious from the ground—lifted shingles, bruised granules, punctures, or flashing that’s been loosened just enough to let water in later. If you’re in Nampa or anywhere in the Treasure Valley, knowing how roof insurance claims work (and what to document) can make the difference between a smooth repair and months of frustration. This guide walks you through practical, claim-friendly steps—plus how a local contractor like Team Construction can help you move from storm damage to a finished roof with confidence.

What counts as storm-related roof damage (and why it matters for coverage)

Insurance carriers typically look for a clear connection between a specific event (windstorm, hail, falling debris) and the damage being claimed. That’s why the most important theme in any storm claim is proof and timing: proving what happened, when it happened, and what it damaged.

Common storm-related roof issues include:

  • Wind damage: missing shingles, lifted tabs, creased shingles, displaced ridge caps, exposed underlayment, loosened flashing.
  • Hail damage: bruised shingles (granule loss), punctures, cracked tiles, dented vents, damaged soft metals (gutters, flashing, vent caps).
  • Water intrusion after the storm: ceiling stains, wet insulation, drips near vents or valleys (often delayed by days or weeks).

A key point: insurers often distinguish between storm damage and wear-and-tear (aging materials, prior leaks, or maintenance issues). Clear photos, inspection notes, and receipts help separate “new damage from the storm” from “pre-existing conditions.”

First 24–72 hours: what to do (and what to avoid)

After a storm, your goals are: (1) safety, (2) prevent additional damage, and (3) document everything.

Do this right away

  1. Photograph and video the damage before cleanup or repairs (roof, gutters, vents, siding, interior stains). Capture wide shots and close-ups. If safe, include photos around the property showing hail size or fallen branches. FEMA and insurance regulators consistently emphasize strong documentation and saving receipts.
  2. Make temporary repairs to stop active leaks (tarps, plastic sheeting, buckets). Keep every receipt—many policies require “mitigation” to prevent additional damage. (doi.idaho.gov)
  3. Start a claim folder (digital + paper): date of storm, notes of what you saw/heard, photos, receipts, contractor communications, and claim/adjuster details.

Avoid these common mistakes

  • Don’t throw away damaged materials immediately (when possible). Adjusters often want to see what failed and how. (doi.idaho.gov)
  • Don’t sign anything you don’t understand—especially if someone shows up uninvited claiming to be an “insurance specialist.” The Idaho Department of Insurance has warned consumers about storm-chasing and claim-related red flags. (doi.idaho.gov)
  • Don’t delay reporting for too long. Reporting windows vary by policy and state; the safest approach is to notify your carrier promptly once you suspect damage. (content.naic.org)

How the roof insurance claim process typically works

While every carrier and policy is different, most property claims follow a similar sequence:

  1. File the claim (phone or online). Provide your policy number, contact info, date of loss, and a brief description. (content.naic.org)
  2. Inspection/adjuster visit. The adjuster documents damage and reviews your policy for coverage and deductible. (doi.idaho.gov)
  3. Estimate and decision. The carrier may approve repairs, request more documentation, or deny based on cause (e.g., wear-and-tear vs. storm-related).
  4. Repairs and payment. Depending on your policy, payment may be split (actual cash value vs. recoverable depreciation) and require final invoices/photos.

If you disagree with the carrier’s scope or cause decision, state regulators note you can submit additional documentation from a qualified expert (contractor/engineer) for reconsideration. (doi.idaho.gov)

Quick “Did you know?” storm-claim facts homeowners overlook

Temporary repairs can be required. Many policies expect you to mitigate damage after a loss, and receipts may be reimbursable. (doi.idaho.gov)
Photos are evidence, not “nice to have.” Detailed photos/video before cleanup can prevent “he said / she said” disputes later. (fema.gov)
Fraud spikes after storms. Idaho has published specific red flags (high-pressure pitches, “must be covered,” deductible-waiving promises). (doi.idaho.gov)

What to document for a stronger roof claim (checklist)

What to capture
Why it helps
Pro tip
Photos/video (exterior + interior)
Shows scope, location, and timing of damage
Take wide shots, then close-ups; include gutters, vents, flashing
Receipts for mitigation
Supports reimbursement and proves you prevented further damage
Save tarp/material receipts and any emergency labor invoices (doi.idaho.gov)
List of damaged property
Helps the adjuster evaluate and prevents items being missed
Include brand/model/serial where possible (content.naic.org)
Contractor inspection notes
Adds a professional, roof-specific perspective
Ask for labeled photos and a written summary you can share

Step-by-step: how to handle a roof insurance claim in Nampa (without losing momentum)

Step 1: Schedule a professional roof inspection

Even if your roof “looks okay,” hail bruising and wind-lift often can’t be confirmed safely from the ground. A proper inspection documents storm impact points and identifies urgent leak risks (valleys, penetrations, flashing). For storm-related concerns, Team Construction offers complimentary inspections and can help determine whether filing a claim makes sense.

Step 2: File the claim and organize your documentation

When you report the claim, keep notes on who you spoke with, the claim number, and what they asked you to submit. Upload your best photo set (labeled by location) and keep receipts for temporary repairs. Regulators recommend documenting damage thoroughly and keeping damaged items available for inspection when possible. (doi.idaho.gov)

Step 3: Be present for the adjuster visit (if you can)

If you can be onsite, you’ll be able to answer questions about when leaking started, what rooms were affected, and what emergency steps you took. It can also help to have your contractor available to point out roof components that commonly get missed (pipe boots, ridge vents, step flashing, valley metal).

Step 4: Review the scope—not just the dollar amount

The most common claim frustration is a scope that doesn’t include every damaged component (flashing, vents, gutters, underlayment upgrades required by code, or interior repairs from a roof leak). If you disagree with the insurer’s evaluation, Idaho’s consumer guidance notes you may provide additional documentation from your expert for review. (doi.idaho.gov)

Step 5: Choose a reputable local contractor and avoid “red flag” offers

After storms, high-pressure sales tactics are common. Idaho’s Department of Insurance has specifically warned homeowners to be cautious about unsolicited “claim experts,” guarantees that your insurer “must” buy a full replacement, and promises to waive deductibles. (doi.idaho.gov)

If you want a straightforward, local option, Team Construction is a full-service contractor serving the Treasure Valley—roofing, repairs, and insurance restoration—with direct claim assistance when it’s appropriate.

Local angle: what Nampa homeowners should watch for after Treasure Valley storms

In Nampa, wind events can lift shingle edges and loosen flashing, while hail can damage the “soft metals” around a roof system (vents, flashing, gutters) even when shingles appear mostly intact. That’s why a post-storm inspection is smart even if leaks haven’t started yet—many roof leaks show up later when melting snow, freeze/thaw cycles, or the next rain pushes water past a weakened seal.

If you own rental property or manage a commercial building, fast documentation matters even more: it helps protect occupants, reduces interior repair costs, and keeps maintenance records clean for future claims or property sales.

Need help with a roof insurance claim in Nampa?

If you suspect wind or hail damage, a clear inspection and clean documentation are the fastest path to a fair outcome. Team Construction provides complimentary roof inspections, repair and replacement options, and claim support from storm to finish.

FAQ: Roof insurance claims (Nampa, Idaho)

How long do I have to file a roof insurance claim in Idaho?

The reporting window varies by policy and carrier. If you suspect storm damage, it’s usually safest to notify your insurer promptly and ask them to confirm your policy’s timeframe in writing. (content.naic.org)

Should I call a roofer before I call my insurance company?

If you’re unsure whether you have storm damage, a professional inspection can help you avoid opening a claim that doesn’t have enough evidence. If you already have active leaking or obvious damage, you can do both: mitigate immediately, document, and notify your insurer.

What documentation helps most with a hail or wind claim?

Clear photos and videos (before cleanup), receipts for temporary repairs, and an itemized list of damaged property are consistently recommended by insurance regulators and FEMA guidance. (fema.gov)

Can my insurer require me to prevent further damage?

Many property policies require reasonable mitigation (like tarping or temporary sealing) to prevent additional loss. Save receipts and take photos of temporary repairs. (doi.idaho.gov)

What are “red flags” when someone offers to help with my claim?

Be cautious with unsolicited door-to-door “insurance experts,” anyone promising your insurer must pay for a full replacement, or offers to waive deductibles. The Idaho Department of Insurance has published these as common warning signs. (doi.idaho.gov)

Glossary (helpful claim and roofing terms)

Mitigation
Reasonable steps taken after damage to prevent additional loss (for example, tarping a roof leak). Keep receipts and photos.
Flashing
Metal material installed at roof transitions (chimneys, walls, valleys) to direct water away from seams and penetrations.
Ridge cap
The shingles/material installed along the roof’s peak. Wind can loosen ridge caps and expose fasteners.
Scope of loss (or “scope”)
The detailed list of what the insurer is approving to repair or replace (materials, labor, quantities, and sometimes code-related items).
Adjuster
The insurance representative who investigates the claim, documents damage, and helps determine coverage and payment based on your policy. (doi.idaho.gov)

Roof Repair in Boise, Idaho: A Practical Homeowner’s Guide to Spotting Damage Early (and Avoiding Bigger Costs)

Boise roofs take a beating—wind, hail, snow load, and fast temperature swings all add up

Roof issues in the Treasure Valley rarely start with a dramatic collapse. More often, it’s a lifted shingle at the edge, a tiny flashing gap around a vent, or hail bruising you don’t notice until a stain appears on the ceiling. This guide breaks down what to look for, when to call a pro, and how a timely roof repair can prevent structural damage, mold, and expensive interior restoration. If you’re in Boise, Meridian, or Eagle, Team Construction can inspect and explain your options clearly—especially after wind or hail events.

Why “small” roof problems become expensive fast

A roof isn’t just shingles. It’s a system: decking, underlayment, flashing, ventilation, and drainage all working together. When one piece fails, water can travel far from the entry point—so the visible leak inside the home isn’t always directly under the damage.

In Boise, a common pattern looks like this: wind loosens a shingle → rain gets beneath the shingle edge → the underlayment gets stressed and seams open → moisture reaches the decking → decking swells or rots → the next storm causes a bigger leak. Catching it early often means a targeted repair instead of a widespread rebuild.

The most common roof-repair triggers in Boise and the Treasure Valley

1) Wind damage (lifted, creased, or missing shingles)

Wind tends to attack edges, ridges, valleys, and areas near roof penetrations. You might see tabs that look “puckered,” shingles that don’t lay flat, or exposed nail heads. Even if the shingle isn’t missing, a crease can break the seal and create a repeat-leak spot in the next storm.

2) Hail damage (bruising, granule loss, and dented metals)

On asphalt shingles, hail can knock off protective granules or bruise the shingle mat beneath the surface. On metal components (flashing, vents, gutters), dents may be obvious. The tricky part: hail bruises can be hard to confirm from the ground, and walking a roof can be unsafe and can cause additional damage.

3) Flashing failures (chimneys, skylights, pipes, walls)

Flashing is where roofs often leak first. Sealant dries out, metal shifts, or old repairs stop holding. If you notice stains near a fireplace chase, bathroom vent area, or along an exterior wall line, flashing is a prime suspect.

4) Winter stress (ice buildup, snow melt, and ventilation imbalance)

Boise winters can expose weak ventilation and insulation. When roof surfaces warm unevenly, snow melts and refreezes near the eaves, pushing water where it doesn’t belong. If you see heavy icicles, recurring edge leaks, or damp attic insulation, it’s time for an inspection.

A homeowner-friendly roof damage checklist (safe, ground-level)

If you’re comfortable walking around your property, you can spot many red flags without climbing a ladder:

• Shingles in the yard, driveway, or near downspouts (even a few can matter).
• Bent, detached, or “wavy” drip edge along the roofline.
• Gutter dents, downspout dings, or splatter marks on siding after hail.
• Granules collecting at downspout exits (looks like coarse black sand).
• Water stains on ceilings, around can lights, near bathroom fans, or at exterior walls.
• In the attic: damp wood, musty odor, dark streaks on decking, or wet insulation.
Safety note: After a storm, roofs can be slick, brittle, or structurally compromised. A professional inspection is the safest way to confirm damage.

Roof repair vs. roof replacement: how the decision is typically made

The right scope depends on damage type, roof age, how widespread the issue is, and whether matching materials are available. A reputable contractor should show you what they found, explain the risks of each option, and document it clearly (especially if insurance is involved).
Situation
Often a Repair Makes Sense
Often a Replacement Makes Sense
Wind lifted a small area near the ridge or edge
Damage is localized, decking is sound, shingles can be resealed/replaced
Multiple slopes have repeated lifts/creases or brittle shingles
Leak around a vent, chimney, or wall flashing
Flashing/boot replacement solves the entry point
Widespread flashing failures + aged roof surfaces
Hail marks on gutters + suspected shingle bruising
Minor, isolated impacts; shingles still performing
Functional damage across slopes; granule loss/bruise pattern suggests shortened roof life
Roof is nearing end of expected service life
A repair can buy time if the system is still stable
Multiple issues + aging materials = better long-term value to replace

“Did you know?” quick facts that help Boise property owners make smarter repair calls

• Water can travel along decking and rafters, so the interior stain is not always directly beneath the exterior damage.
• Many insurance policies expect you to mitigate further damage (example: a tarp after a leak). Keep receipts—temporary repairs are often reimbursable if the loss is covered. (NAIC guidance) (content.naic.org)
• Good claim outcomes usually start with organized documentation: photos/video, a written damage list, and a communication log. (NAIC guidance) (content.naic.org)
• Storm-chaser pressure tactics are a real issue after disasters—avoid signing anything you don’t understand or paying in full upfront. (NAIC fraud warning) (content.naic.org)

Local angle: what makes roof repair in Boise different

Boise and the Treasure Valley sit in a weather pattern where roofs may face hot sun, sudden wind events, and winter freeze/thaw cycles across the same year. That combination can accelerate sealant wear and expose weak roof-to-wall transitions.

A practical Boise strategy is seasonal awareness:

Spring: Check for wind-lifted shingles and winter edge issues (icicles, leaking eaves).
Summer: Look for granule loss and brittle shingles from UV exposure; confirm attic ventilation is moving heat out.
Fall: Clean gutters and confirm flashing and penetrations are tight before storms and snow arrive.
Winter: Watch for recurring ice buildup and interior humidity issues that can mimic roof leaks.
If you manage a rental or commercial building, proactive inspections can reduce emergency calls, interior repairs, and tenant disruption—especially when the next storm hits before you’ve had time to schedule work.

If insurance might be involved: a clean, no-drama documentation routine

When wind or hail damage is suspected, speed and organization help:

• Take wide photos of each roof side (from the ground) plus close-ups of visible exterior damage (gutters, vents, siding dings).
• Make temporary, reasonable protective moves (like tarping) if needed, and keep every receipt. (NAIC) (content.naic.org)
• Keep a simple communication log: who you spoke with, date/time, and what was decided.
• Avoid permanent repairs until the adjuster has had a chance to document the damage (unless safety requires immediate action).
Team Construction regularly assists Boise-area owners with storm damage inspections and can coordinate documentation so you’re not juggling contractors, adjusters, and paperwork alone.

Schedule a complimentary roof inspection in Boise

If you’ve noticed a leak, missing shingles, hail impacts, or you just want a professional opinion before the next storm, Team Construction will provide a clear assessment and straightforward options—repair, restoration, or replacement when it truly makes sense.
Request a Free Roof Repair Estimate

Serving Boise, Meridian, Eagle, and the Treasure Valley

FAQ: Roof repair in Boise, Idaho

How do I know if I need roof repair or a full replacement?

It depends on how widespread the damage is, whether the roof system is still stable, and how well materials can be matched. Localized wind or flashing issues often repair well. Broad hail damage, repeated wind creasing, or aging shingles across multiple slopes may point toward replacement for better long-term reliability.

Should I call a roofer first or my insurance company first?

If there’s active leaking or visible storm damage, many owners start by getting a professional inspection so they can report accurate details. Whichever order you choose, document the damage, keep receipts for temporary mitigation, and communicate promptly—insurers often have time requirements. (NAIC) (content.naic.org)

Is it safe to walk on my roof to look for damage?

After storms or in cold weather, it’s often not safe—surfaces can be slick, brittle, or structurally compromised. A ground-level check for obvious signs is fine for most homeowners, but a professional inspection is the safer way to confirm.

What should I photograph for a hail or wind claim?

Start with wide photos of each side of your home and roofline (from the ground), then capture close-ups of visible impacts like dented gutters, downspouts, vents, or siding marks. Also photograph any interior staining. A written list of what’s damaged supports the photos. (NAIC) (content.naic.org)

Can a roof leak be something other than the roof?

Yes. Condensation from ventilation problems, plumbing vent issues, or HVAC components can mimic a roof leak. A good inspection checks the full system so repairs address the real cause—not just the symptom.

Glossary (plain-English roofing terms)

Flashing
Metal (or membrane) used to seal transitions—like around chimneys, walls, and vents—so water can’t get in.
Underlayment
A protective layer beneath shingles that adds water resistance and helps protect the roof deck.
Roof deck (decking)
The plywood/OSB surface the roof system is built on. Persistent leaks can rot or swell decking.
Mitigation (temporary repairs)
Reasonable steps taken to prevent further damage after an event—like tarping a leak or boarding a broken window. Keeping receipts is important for insurance documentation. (NAIC) (content.naic.org)